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HERO ID
5178123
Reference Type
Journal Article
Title
Auguste Laurent. Radical and radicals
Author(s)
Wisniak, J
Year
2009
Volume
20
Issue
2
Page Numbers
166-175
DOI
10.1016/S0187-893X(18)30023-5
URL
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0187893X18300235
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Abstract
Auguste Laurent (1807-1853) was one of the most important chemists of the nineteenth century. He discovered and synthesized a large number of aromatic organic compounds, among them naphthalene derivatives, anthracene, phenanthrene, stilbene, benzil, phthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, and pyrene. His theories about equivalents and radicals were fundamental for destroying the dualistic approach and establish the modern approach of organic chemistry. He proposed a new rational method of organic classification based on the functional groups present in the molecule that became the basis of the Geneva nomenclature for organic chemistry adopted in 1892, His radical political ideas and his acrid commentaries on the opinion and errors of fellow chemists curbed his academic progress and were an important reason for the poor reception of his advanced ideas during his lifetime. Resumen Auguste Laurent (1807-1853) fue uno de los químicos más importantes del siglo diecinueve. Fue responsable del descubrimiento y la síntesis de un gran número de compuestos orgánicos aromáticos, entre ellos derivados del naftaleno, antraceno, fenantreno, estilbeno, benzilo, ácido ftálico, anhidrido ftálico y pireno. Sus teorías sobre los equivalentes y los radicales fueron fundamentales para destronar el enfoque dualista y establecer el enfoque moderno de la química orgánica. Propuso un nuevo método racional de clasificación orgánica, basado en los grupos funcionales característicos presentes en la molécula, que fue la base de la nomenclatura de Ginebra para la química orgánica, adoptada en 1892. Sus ideas políticas radicales y sus ácidos comentarios sobre las opiniones y errores de otros químicos frenaron su avance académico y fueron una razón importante para que sus avanzadas ideas no fueran reconocidas adecuadamente en su tiempo.
Keywords
Naphtahlene and derivatives; phthalic acid; coal tar distilation; radicals; type theory; chemical classification and rules
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