US EPA

5186708 

Journal Article 

Adderall produces increased striatal dopamine release and a prolonged time course compared to amphetamine isomers 

Joyce, BM; Glaser, PE; Gerhardt, GA 

2007 

1 

Psychopharmacology
ISSN: 0033-3158
EISSN: 1432-2072 

191 

3 

669-677 

English 

17031708 

10.1007/s00213-006-0550-9 

WOS:000244691500019 

RATIONALE: Adderall is currently used for the treatment of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and is composed of a novel mixture of approximately 24% L-amphetamine and 76% D-amphetamine salts. There are, however, no investigations of the pharmacological effects of this combination in vivo.

OBJECTIVES: The technique of high-speed chronoamperometry using Nafion-coated single carbon-fiber microelectrodes was used to study amphetamine-evoked dopamine (DA) release produced by Adderall, D-amphetamine, or D,L-amphetamine in the striatum of anesthetized male Fischer 344 (F344) rats. The amphetamine solutions were locally applied from micropipettes by pressure ejection.

RESULTS: Local applications of Adderall resulted in significantly greater DA release signal amplitudes with prolonged time course of dopamine release and re-uptake as compared to D-amphetamine and D,L-amphetamine.

CONCLUSIONS: These data support the hypothesis that the combination of amphetamine enantiomers and salts in Adderall has effects on DA release, which result in increased and prolonged DA release, compared to D- and D,L-amphetamine.