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5189393 
Journal Article 
Perturbation of regulated apple mites: Immigration and pesticide effects on outbreaks of Panonychus ulmi and associated mites (Acari: Tetranychidae, Eriophyidae, Phytoseiidae and Stigmaeidae) 
Croft, BA; Slone, DH 
1998 
Yes 
Environmental Entomology
ISSN: 0046-225X 
27 
6 
1548-1556 
English 
WOS:000078027000034 
BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. To assess the impact of disturbances on mite populations being regulated at low densities, the phytophagous mites Panonychus ulmi (Koch), Eotetranychus sp., Bryobia rubrioculus Scheuten, and Aculus schlechtendali Nalepa and the predaceous mites Zetzellia mali (Ewing), Amblyseius andersoni Chant, and Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten were sampled during 1996-1997 in 5 apple plots treated with azinphosmethyl (OP) (2 plots), OP + endosulfan (E) (1 plot), or were, unsprayed (2 plots) in 1993-1995. P. ulmi had been regulated at very low, but differing densities by predators (OP + E and gt; OP and gt; unsprayed) and the numbers of predator species present were OP + E (1 species), OP (2 species), and unsprayed (3 species) during 1993-1995. During 1996-1997, plots were treated just as in 1993-1995, except that 10 of 20 trees per plot had 150-200 P. ulmi released per tree and all 20 trees of 1 OP and 1 unsprayed plot had esfenvalerate sprayed early in 1996. We expected the peak densities of 
Aculus schlechtendali; Typhlodromus pyri; Zetzellia mali; endosulfan; esfenvalerate; azinphosmethyl