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5207547 
Journal Article 
Status of insecticide resistance in Spodoptera litura in Andhra Pradesh, India 
Armes, NJ; Wightman, JA; Jadhav, DR; Rao, GVR 
1997 
1 
Pesticide Science
ISSN: 0031-613X
EISSN: 1096-9063 
JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD 
W SUSSEX 
50 
3 
240-248 
English 
WOS:A1997XK04400010 
Twenty-two strains of the tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), collected from groundnut crops of eight locations in Andhra Pradesh, India, between 1991 and 1996 were assayed in the Fl generation for resistance to commonly used insecticides. Resistance levels ranged as follows: cypermethrin, 0.2- to 197-fold; fenvalerate, 8- to 121-fold; endosulfan, 1- to 13-fold; quinalphos, 1- to 29-fold; monocrotophos, 2- to 362-fold and methomyl, 0.7- to 19-fold. In nearly all strains pre-treatment with the metabolic inhibitor, piperonyl butoxide, resulted in complete suppression of cypermethrin resistance (2- to 121-fold synergism), indicating that enhanced detoxification by microsomal P450-dependent monooxygenases was probably the major mechanism of pyrethroid resistance. Pre-treatment with the synergist DEF, an inhibitor of esterases and the glutathione S-transferase system, resulted in a 2- to 3-fold synergism with monocrotophos indicating that esterases and possibly glutathione S-transferases were at least to some extent contributing to organophosphate resistance. 
Spodoptera litura; pyrethroids; organophosphates; carbamates; endosulfan; resistance