Tumidajski, T; Gawenda, T; Niedoba, T; Saramak, D
The purpose of the union program Scenarios of hard coal extractive industry technological development" was to determine the directions of changes and development till 2020. Oil the basis of so-called technological cards, 4 types of coal processing plants in Poland were selected [2, 3, 4, 5, 12]: energetic coal beneficiation of granulation above 20 (10) mm, energetic coal beneficiation of granulation above 0, 1 (1) mm, energetic coal beneficiation of full range of granulation, coking coal beneficiation of full range of granulation. Because of the coal quality, many different beneficiation techniques are required, which cause creation of separate technological systems. As the result of analyses (by AHP method) the development technologies of full beneficiation of energetic and coking coals were accepted, which technological schemes and data were presented on Fig. I and in Table 1, 2. According to the Fig. 1, three methods of coal wastes application were shown, i.e. de-stoning at the bottom of the mine (Fig. 2), de-stoning of thick output in processing plant, including mineral aggregates production, replacing beneficiation in heavy liquids (Fig. 3) and traditional raw coal beneficiation with modern mineral aggregates production installation (Fig. 4). With the world achievements and technologies being applied as the background, the present state and recommended changes for polish hard coal mining were shown, including: gravitational beneficiation of thick and medium fractions (chapter 3), gravitational beneficiation of fine fractions (chapter 4), flotation (chapter 5). For gravitational bcneficiation of thick and medium fractions, mainly the devices of DISA type (both 2 and 3 product) with their discussion of potential development and application. For gravitational bcneficiation of fine fractions, the culm, medium grained, grained and raw coal de-stoning jigs were presented. Furthermore, the types of devices being applied in the whole world, as hydrocyclones with heavy liquids (ie. Larcodems), spiral concentrators, teeter-bed separators were discussed. Concerning the flotation, the froth flotation and selective flotation were presented with discussion of applied devices of this type in the modern mines in the whole world. The researching works in the context of coal gravitational beneficiation should lead to elaborate methods of ultrafine coal beneficiation, coal desulfurization, removing undesirable components from ashes, applying modern hydrocyclones with heavy liquids, searching for agents allowing reducing costs and dewatering products of fine coal beneficiation.