US EPA

534080 

Journal Article 

Pollution of Phulali canal water in the city premises of Hyderabad: Metal monitoring 

Wattoo, MHS; Wattoo, FH; Tirmizi, SA; Kazi, TG; Bhanger, MI; Qbal, JI 

2006 

Yes 

Journal of the Chemical Society of Pakistan
ISSN: 0253-5106 

28 

2 

136-143 

English 

WOS:000239139100007 

Phulali canal passes through,Hyderabad city with a population of about 2 million. Most of the municipal and city industrial effluent is added to canal water during an area of 14 km and has direct impact on the health of human beings, crops and cattle life. The levels of trace and toxic elements are found higher in the order > Mg (249.53 mg/l) > Ca (83.446 mg/l) > Na (45.778 mg/l) > K (11.697 mg/l) > Al (1.592 mg/l> Fe (1.451 mg/l) > Mn (0.596 mg/l) > Ba (0.576 mg/l) > Zn (0.167 mg/l) > Co (0.151 mg/l) > Cr (0.0082 mg/l) > Pb (0.026 mg/l) > Cu (0.063 mg/l) > Cd (0.004 mg/l) > Ni (0.005 mg/l). Strong positive correlation also exists for certain pair of elements like Mg-Cu (r = 0.963), Na-Ni (r = 0.932), Ba-Zn (r = 0.929), Al-Mn (r = 0.829), Ca-Ni (r = 0.811), Mn-Fe (r = 0.757), Ni-Mn (r = 0.699), Cu-Cr (r = 0.533), K-Ca (r = 0.491), Cd-Ba (r = 0.448), Cr-Co (r = 0.366), Pd-Cu (r = 0.238), Zn-Fe (r = 0.212) and Fe-Co (r = 0.154). The results have been compared with NEQs, drinking water upper limits for human beings and livestock, irrigation water limits and aquatic life protection limits. The levels of manganese, iron and cobalt are found higher than the irrigation water restriction values and overall water is poorly unsuitable for drinking of livestock, aquatic life and for irrigation purposes in the long run. 

poor quality water; kabul river; effluents; pakistan; irrigation