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5361964 
Technical Report 
Guide for Determining Application Rates of Lampricides for Control of Sea Lamprey Ammocetes 
Lieffers, HJ; Seelye, JG; Johnson, DA; Weise, JG; King, EL 
1990 
The toxicity of two chemicals that are used extensively for the control of larval sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) in the Great Lakes- 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) and 2?,5-dichloro-4-nitrosalicylanilide (Bayer 73) - is markedly influenced by chemical characteristics of the water. We conducted toxicity tests in waters of 40 to 200 mg/L alkalinity (as CaCOs) on sea lampreys, rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri), yellow perch (Perca flavescens), channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), and immature mayflies (Hexagenia sp.). This information was used to calculate the relation between levels of alkalinity and lethal concentrations of TFM plus Bayer 73. ?Safe and effective? concentrations of TFM ranged from 0.8 mg/L at 40 mg/L alkalinity to 7.0 mg/L at 200 mg/L alkalinity. We used the resulting equation to calculate toxicities at intervals of 5 mg/L of alkalinity and develop a predictive graph for each of the organisms at 33 alkalinities. The charts produced will help sea lamprey control personnel choose the appropriate test species and concentration of lampricide for the stream to be treated, and establish effective control of sea lampreys without significant harm to non-target aquatic organisms.