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Citation
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HERO ID
5923109
Reference Type
Journal Article
Title
Growth suppression by altered (p)ppGpp levels results from non-optimal resource allocation in Escherichia coli
Author(s)
Zhu, M; Dai, X
Year
2019
Is Peer Reviewed?
1
Journal
Nucleic Acids Research
ISSN:
0305-1048
EISSN:
1362-4962
Volume
47
Issue
9
Page Numbers
4684-4693
Language
English
PMID
30916318
DOI
10.1093/nar/gkz211
Abstract
Understanding how bacteria coordinate gene expression with biomass growth to adapt to various stress conditions remains a grand challenge in biology. Stress response is often associated with dramatic accumulation of cellular guanosine tetra- or penta-phosphate (p)ppGpp (also known as 'magic spot'), which is a key second messenger participating in regulating various biochemical and physiological processes of bacteria. Despite of the extensive studies on the mechanism of gene regulation by (p)ppGpp during stringent response, the connection between (p)ppGpp and bacterial steady-state exponential growth remains elusive. Here, we establish a versatile genetic approach to systematically perturb the (p)ppGpp level of Escherichia coli through titrating either the single-function (p)ppGpp synthetase or the singe-function (p)ppGpp hydrolase and quantitatively characterize cell growth and gene expression. Strikingly, increased and decreased (p)ppGpp levels both cause remarkable growth suppression of E. coli. From a coarse-grained insight, we demonstrate that increased (p)ppGpp levels limit ribosome synthesis while decreased (p)ppGpp levels limit the expression of metabolic proteins, both resulting in non-optimal resource allocation. Our study reveals a profound role of (p)ppGpp in regulating bacterial growth through governing global resource allocation. Moreover, we highlight the Mesh1 (p)ppGpp hydrolase from Drosophila melanogaster as a powerful genetic tool for interrogating bacterial (p)ppGpp physiology.
Tags
PFAS
•
Expanded PFAS SEM (formerly PFAS 430)
Litsearch: September 2019
PubMed
Not prioritized for screening
3-(Perfluoroisopropyl)-(2E)-difluoropropenoic acid
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