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599950 
Journal Article 
Walnut (Juglans regia) leaf extracts are strong scavengers of pro-oxidant reactive species 
Almeida, IF; Fernandes, E; Lima, J; Costa, PC; Fernanda Bahia, M 
2008 
Yes 
Food Chemistry
ISSN: 0308-8146
EISSN: 1873-7072 
106 
3 
1014-1020 
WOS:000250069900019 
Abstract: The growing interest in the substitution of synthetic food antioxidants by natural ones has fostered research on vegetable sources and on the screening of raw materials, for identifying new antioxidants. In the present study, an ethanol:water (4:6) extract from Juglans regia leaves was evaluated for its putative in vitro scavenging effects on reactive oxygen species (ROS) [hydroxyl radical (HO ), superoxide radical , peroxyl radical (ROO ) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)] and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) [nitric oxide ( NO) and peroxynitrite anion (ONOO−)]. The extract presented a potent scavenging activity against all the reactive species tested, all the IC50s being found at the μg/mL level. IC50s (mean±SE) for the ROS and H2O2 were 47.6±4.6, 383±17μg/mL, respectively. The oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) value obtained for ROO was 2.17±0.22μmol Trolox equivalents/mg extract. The IC50s for NO and ONOO− were 1.95±0.29 and 1.66±0.10μg/mL, respectively. The content of total phenolics was 270±3mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g of lyophilised extract. These results showed that J. regia leaf extracts can be used as an easily accessible source of natural antioxidants. [Copyright 2008 Elsevier] Copyright of Food Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts) 
NONMETALS; CHEMICAL elements; ARSENIC; GASES, Rare