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6025079 
Journal Article 
Guidelines for Zooplankton Sampling in Quantitative Baseline and Monitoring Programs 
Grant, GC; Jacobs, F 
1978 
Methods of zooplankton sampling and analysis for quantitative baseline and monitoring surveys are described and evaluated. Zooplankton exhibit wide spatial, diurnal, and seasonal variations which, along with gear bias and capture avoidance, complicate data collecting and subsequent assessment of relationships. This study concludes: (1) Baseline studies require more frequent sampling and closely spaced stations than do monitoring studies. (2) Sampling locations can be further apart in homogeneous waters, while in heterogenous coastal or estuarine water sites should be more closely spaced and sampling conducted more frequently. (3) Sampling sites can be selected by means of a grid overlaid on the study area, though transects may be used with study areas which cover great distances and when ship time is limited. (4) In pollution studies a series of transect lines radiating from a single source may be advisable. (5) Pumping systems are an expensive but efficient means of capturing microzooplankton; a rate exceeding 150 liters/min is necessary to minimize avoidance. (6) Nets with mouth openings of 50-100 cm diameter are recommended for most groups of mesozooplankton. (7) In areas of high plankton density, a 333-micrometer mesh is peferable. (8) Specimens are generally best preserved in 4% buffered formaldehyde. (9) The Folsom and Burrell splitters are suggested. Statistical methods of analysis are discussed, and a bibliography is provided. (Lynch-Wisconsin) 
Water Resources Abstracts; Zooplankton; Methodology; Baseline studies; Monitoring; Sampling; Basic data collections; Pollutant identification; Bibliographies; Statistical methods; Research equipment; Transects; Preservation; Data processing