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6027660 
Journal Article 
Effects of prophylactic treatments with malachite green on early life stages of rainbow trout 
De Guingand, P; Nowak, B 
1997 
Yes 
Australasian Journal of Ecotoxicology
ISSN: 1323-3475 
3 
2 
141-146 
Malachite green is a fungicide routinely used at salmonid hatcheries in Australia and overseas. Due to its adverse effects, its use has been banned in some countries and replacement chemicals like formalin have been introduced. This paper evaluates the effects of malachite green and malachite green/formalin mixture on early life stages of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Rainbow trout eggs were treated during incubation with 5 mg L super(-1) of malachite green oxalate either every two days, or weekly, or with malachite green/formalin mixture (concentrations 0.08 mg L super(-1) malachite green and 25 mg L super(-1) formalin) every second day to determine the effect of treatments on survival, time to hatch and residue level of malachite green in fish. Significant effects, measured as the percentage of eggs hatched and as the mortality to swim-up stage, were observed in the groups treated with malachite green. Mortality was minimal in the group treated with malachite green/formalin mixture. Residues of malachite green in fish tissue were significantly greater in the fish treated with 5 mg L super(-1) of malachite green (both regimes) than in the fish treated with malachite green/formalin mixture. The residue levels in fry were directly related to the treatment concentration and frequency of treatments during egg incubation. 
Australia; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Rainbow trout; developmental stages; formaldehyde; formalin; incubation; malachite green; prophylaxis; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Fungicides; Toxicity tests; Toxicity testing; Fish eggs; Mortality; Fisheries; Disease control; Fish culture; Aquaculture; Q5 08504:Effects on organisms; Q1 08582:Fish culture; X 24131:Acute exposure; Q3 08582:Fish culture; P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH