Gómez Alvarez, E; Borrás, E; Viidanoja, J; Hjorth, J
This study presents the application of O-(2,3,4,5,6)-pentafluorobenzyl-hydroxylamine hydrochloride (PFBHA) on-fibre derivatisation Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) to the sampling and quantification of the unsaturated 1,4-dicarbonyl products obtained in the photo-oxidation of furan, 2-methylfuran and 3-methylfuran with HONO: butenedial, 4-oxo-2-pentenal and 2-methylbutenedial, respectively. The use of Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometry (PTR-MS) is also considered and the advantages of the combined use of both methodologies is discussed. The 1,4 unsaturated dicarbonyl products sampled by SPME were quantified by GC-FID. The experiments were carried out in the EUPHORE outdoor simulation chambers. The results confirm that 1,4-dicarbonyls are the main products of the OH-initiated oxidation of furan and its methylated derivatives, a fact with environmental implications. Molar yields of (1.09±0.41) and (0.90±0.36) were obtained in two experiments of furan photo-oxidation. The yields of 4-oxo-2-pentenal and methylbutenedial were estimated to be (0.60±0.24) and (0.83±0.33) respectively, assuming the same SPME response factor as for butenedial. Furthermore, the unsaturated 1,4-dicarbonyls have also been identified in the chemical characterisation of the aerosols formed in the reactions. The yield of aerosols quantified were (8.5±0.8)% in the photo-oxidation of furan, (1.85±0.18)% in the photo-oxidation of 2-methylfuran and (5.5±0.5)% in the photo-oxidation of 3-methylfuran, at the following concentrations of their precursors: 829±249ppbV and 748±224 (in two furan experiments), 633±190 in the 2-methylfuran and 641±192ppbV in the 3-methylfuran experiment. Copyright 2009 Elsevier Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts)