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612770 
Journal Article 
Spectroscopic differentiation between O-atom vacancy and divacancy defects, respectively, in TiO"2 and HfO"2 by X-ray 
Lucovsky, G; Chung, KB; Kim, JW; Norlund, D 
2009 
86 
1676-1679 
Defect state features have been detected in second derivative O K edge spectra for thin films of nano-crystalline TiO"2 and HfO"2. Based on soft X-ray photoelectron band edge spectra, and the occurrence of occupied band edge 4f states in... 
Monovacancies; Divacancies; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; Pre-edge regime; Bound resonance states; Immobile and mobile vacancies