Boyd, EM; Godi, I; Abel, M
The LD50 ± SE of sucrose given orally was found to be 35.4 ± 7.0 g/kg in male, and 29.7 ± 3.7 g/kg in female, albino rats. The initial clinical signs of toxicity were hypokinesia, prostration, cyanosis, abdominal bloating, and diarrhea. Death from doses larger than the LD50 tended to occur wthin 10 hours, following tonic-clonic convulsions, stupor, and respiratory failure, and were accompanied by a marked gastroenteritis, arteriolitis, mild hepatitis, early nephritis, myocarditis, and capillary and venous congestion of the brain and meninges. Death from doses smaller than the LD50 occurred mostly wthin 10–48 hours following anorexia, severe diarrhea, loss of weight, hypothermia, diuresis, glycosuria, aciduria and were accompanied by some residual gastroenteritis and encephalitis, marked tubular nephritis, arteriolitis, focal necrosis of the myocardium, some adrenal hypertrophy and inhibition of spermatogenesis. Sublethal doses produced anorexia, polydipsia, hyperthermia, diarrhea, and loss of weight for 1–3 days. Survivors of lethal doses developed polydipsia, polyuria, alkalinuria, and some hyperthermia between 3 and 6 days. At 2 weeks the dehydration of organs seen in nonsurvivors had largely disappeared, and at 1 month the weight and appearance of most organs were normal.