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6319521 
Journal Article 
Gadolinium-doped mesoporous calcium silicate/chitosan scaffolds enhanced bone regeneration ability 
Liao, F; Peng, XY; Yang, F; Ke, QF; Zhu, ZH; Guo, YP 
2019 
1 
Materials Science and Engineering C: Materials for Biological Applications
ISSN: 0928-4931
EISSN: 1873-0191 
104 
109999 
English 
31499945 
WOS:000487569300119 
Chitosan (CTS) and mesoporous calcium silicate (MCS) have been developed for bone defect healing; however, their bone regeneration capacity still does not satisfy the patients with bone diseases. Gadolinium (Gd) is accumulated in human bones, and plays a beneficial role in regulating cell performance and bone regeneration. We firstly constructed Gd-doped MCS/CTS (Gd-MCS/CTS) scaffolds by a lyophilization technology. The interconnected arrangement of CTS films lead to forming macropores by using ice crystals as templates during the lyophilization procedure, and the Gd-MCS nanoparticles dispersed uniformly on the macropore walls. The biocompatible chemical components and hierarchical pores facilitated the attachment and spreading of rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs). Interestingly, the Gd dopants in the scaffolds effectively activated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, resulting in excellent cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation capacities. The osteogenic-related genes such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and collagen type1 (COL-1) were remarkably up-regulated by Gd-MCS scaffolds as compared with MCS scaffolds, and their expression levels increased in a positive correlation with Gd doping amounts. Moreover, in vivo rat cranial defect tests further confirmed that Gd-MCS/CTS scaffolds significantly stimulated collagen deposition and new bone formation. The exciting finding suggested the beneficial effects of Gd3+ ions on osteogenic differentiation and new bone regeneration, and Gd-MCS/CTS scaffolds can be employed as a novel platform for bone defect healing.