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6545719 
Journal Article 
Liquid permeation through nonporous barrier materials 
Rivin, D; Lindsay, RS; Shuely, WJ; Rodriguez, A 
2005 
Yes 
Journal of Membrane Science
ISSN: 0376-7388 
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV 
AMSTERDAM 
246 
1 
39-47 
English 
WOS:000226277200005 
Permeation of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) and relatively nontoxic simulants in several elastomer compounds is examined using a new design flooded surface, liquid permeation cell. Diffusivity (D) and permeability are determined for sulfur mustard and sarin CWA, and for the simulants: dichlorohexane, chloroethyl phenyl sulfide, diethyl methylphosphonate and diisopropyl methylphosphonate. Values of D calculated by several kinetic methods at different stages of the permeation process and from steady-state permeability are generally in agreement but lower than those obtained from immersion kinetics. Barrier effectiveness of the elastomer compounds towards the CWA and simulant liquids decreases in the order: butyl > EPDM > nitrile ≫ silicone. Simulant and CWA permeation are correlated in terms of relative permeability and reduced breakthrough time. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 
barrier membranes; liquid permeation; diffusion; chemical warfare agents; simulants