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6582668 
Book/Book Chapter 
FUELS – HYDROGEN PRODUCTION | Coal Gasification 
Rand, DAJ; Dell, RM 
2009 
Elsevier 
Amsterdam 
Encyclopedia of Electrochemical Power Sources 
276-292 
Hydrogen is generally manufactured by the steam reforming of natural gas or naphtha, or by the partial oxidation of heavier hydrocarbons. Just a small proportion is made by electrolysis. As global supplies of natural gas and oil become depleted and scarce, it will be necessary to turn to other fossil fuels as a feedstock. These include non-conventional sources (e.g., oil sands, oil shales), but predominantly coal, which is abundant and widely distributed around the world. This article describes the gasification of coal to produce synthesis gas (a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide), the catalytic reaction of this gas with steam to produce carbon dioxide and more hydrogen, and the separation of the two gases. The problems of purifying hydrogen derived from coal for use in gas turbines and fuel cells are outlined, as well as the challenges associated with separating the carbon dioxide economically and its subsequent disposal by underground storage. 
Capture of carbon dioxide; Clean coal technology; Energy sustainability; Fuel cell; Gasification; Hydrogen; Storage of carbon dioxide 
Garche, Jürgen