Hacke, W; Cordonnier, C; Csiba, L; Davalos, A; Diener, HC; Ferro, J; Hennerici, M; Kaste, M; Langhorne, P; Lees, K; Leys, D; Ringleb, PA; Lodder, Jan; Markus, HS; Mas, JL; Mattle, HP; Muir, K; Norrving, Bo; Obach, V; Paolucci, S; Ringelstein, EB; Schellinger, PD; Bousser, MG; Sivenius, J; Skvortsova, V; Sunnerhagen, KS; Thomassen, L; Toni, D; von Kummer, R; Wahlgren, NG; Walker, MF; Wardlaw, J; Ford, G; Bath, P; Brainin, M; Caso, V; Cervera, A; Chamorro, A; ,
This article represents the update of the European Stroke Initiative Recommendations for Stroke Management. These guidelines cover both ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attacks, which are now considered to be a single entity. The article covers referral and emergency management, Stroke Unit service, diagnostics, primary and secondary prevention, general stroke treatment, specific treatment including acute management, management of complications, and rehabilitation.