Role of Vitamin E in Combination with Methionine and L-carnosine Against Sodium Fluoride-Induced Hematological, Biochemical, DNA Damage, histological and immunohistochemical changes in pancreas of albino rats
Agha, FE; El-Badry, MO; Hassan, DAA; Abd Elraouf, A
Excessive fluoride ingestion has been identified as a risk factor for fluorosis and oxidative stress. The present study was aimed to evaluate vitamin E in combination with methionine and L- carnosine as a potential natural antioxidant to mitigate the effects of sodium fluoride on hematological indices, DNA damage, pancreatic digestive enzyme activities and histological structure of pancreas through light, electron microscopic and immunehistochemical studies. Thirty-six of adult male albino rats were divided into six groups (6 rats in each group). Oral administration of sodium fluoride caused statistical significant decrease in RBC, HCT, MCV, RDW, MCH, MCHC and PLT and increase in WBC, lymphocytes and granulocytes The levels of the these parameters were significantly reversed in the groups pretreated with vitamin E in combination with methionine and L- carnosine prior to NaF. Animals treated with NaF showed a significant decrease in pancreatic digestive enzyme activities and protein levels as compared to the control group, while significant increase in animals treated with in the vitamin E in combination with methionine and L- carnosine prior to NaF. Also, NaF resulted in a significant decrease in serum total protein, albumin and blood glucose levels, while pretreated with vitamin E in combination with methionine and L- carnosine prior to NaF resulted in a significant increase in these parameters. Plasma malondialdehyde and the activities of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase were significantly decreased in the NaF group. However, vitamin E in combination with methionine and L- carnosine prior to NaF reduced the procesess of lipid peroxidation and increased the activity of SOD. NaF reduced DNA, RNA contents of the liver and significant increase DNA damage in liver and the frequencies of micro nucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MN-PCE) in bone marrow. But, concurrent administration of NaF and vit. E in combination with methionine and L- carnosine for 35 days caused significant amelioration in all parameters was studied. Histologically, multiple vacuoles of variable size were observed in the cytoplasm of pancreatic acinar cells together with inflammatory cells infiltration in the stroma of pancreas of Na F treated group. Pancreas of animals treated with vit. E in combination with methionine and L-carnosine prior to NaF displayed amelioration in toxic effects of Na F. Intensive positive immunoreactivity for caspase- 3 were observed in the cytoplasm of most pancreatic acinar cells of NaF treated group which was of significant value. On the other hand the cytoplasmic acinar cells of Vit. E in combination with methionine prior to Na F treated group and L-carnosine prior to F treated group showed apparent reduction of caspase-3 immunoreactivity which was also of significant values. Dilatation and globular-shaped rER, intra-cisternal granules, few or even absence of zymogen granules and irregular shaped, pyknotic and heterochromatic nuclei were observed ultrastructurally in the cytoplasm of pancreatic acinar cells of NaF treated group. Ultrathin sections of serous cells of Vit. E in combination with methionine prior to Na F treated group and L-carnosine prior to NaF treated group showed preservation of acinar cytoplasmic contents. These results indicate that sodium fluoride can inhibit pancreatic digestive enzyme activities and cause histological and immunohistochemical changes, which may lead to a series of biochemical and pathological abnormalities and concurrent administration of NaF and vit. E in combination with methionine and L- carnosine for 35 days to these animals alleviated the adverse effects of fluoride. [Fatma E. Agha, Mohamed O. El-Badry, Dina A. A. Hassan, Amira Abd Elraouf. Role of Vitamin E in Combination with Methionine and L-carnosine Against Sodium Fluoride-Induced Hematological, Biochemical, DNA Damage, histological and immunohistochemical changes in pancreas of albino rats. Life Sci J 2012;9(2):1260-1275]. (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 187