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6905816 
Journal Article 
Phytoremediation of real coffee industry effluent through a continuous two-stage constructed wetland system 
Said, NorSM; Abdullah, SRS; Ismail, Nur'; Abu Hasan, H; Othman, AR; , 
2020 
0 
Environmental Technology & Innovation
ISSN: 2352-1864 
ELSEVIER 
AMSTERDAM 
WOS:000525317700043 
This study was conducted to determine the phytoremediation performance of a continuous two-stage constructed wetland system using two tropical plants native to Malaysia (Phragmites karka and Eichhornia crassipes) to remove contaminants from real coffee industry effluent. The coffee effluent used in this study had a pH value of 4.4 with total suspended solids of 399.3 mg/L, colour of 1730 ADMI, and COD and BOD values of 13,000 and 1720 mg/L, respectively. The system was fed continuously with coffee industry effluent at a volumetric flowrate of 4.1 L/day to maintain the hydraulic retention time at 3 days for Phragmites karka and 4 days for Eichhornia crassipes. The two-stage plant system was capable of removing 94%, 79% and 95% of suspended solids, colour and COD, respectively. Phytotechnology undoubtedly has the potential to be used in the treatment of coffee industry effluent. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.