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6926405 
Book/Book Chapter 
5: Pleural thickening and pleural calcification 
Reed, JC 
2019 
Elsevier 
Philadelphia, PA 
Chest radiology (Seventh edition) 
52-62 
English 
Pleural thickening has a variety of causes and often must be distinguished from pleural masses, while pleural calcifications are frequently the result of chronic infections, including bacterial or tuberculous empyema. The pleural plaques of asbestos may be localized soft tissue but frequently calcify with a characteristic radiologic appearance on both chest x-ray and CT. Involvement of parietal versus visceral pleura is pathologically significant in the separation of asbestos-related pleural thickening from the inflammatory and neoplastic causes of pleural disease, but this distinction is limited to those patient with a pneumothorax that separates the two layers of pleura. 
asbestos-related pleural plaque; empyema; hemothorax; lung cancer; mesothelioma; metastases; rheumatoid pleural disease; splenosis; talcosis; tuberculosis 
7th 
9780323498319 
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