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6947327 
Journal Article 
IR Spectral Interpretation Workshop The C=O Bond, Part VI: Esters and the Rule of Three 
Smith, BC; , 
2018 
1 
Spectroscopy
ISSN: 0712-4813
EISSN: 1875-922X 
ADVANSTAR COMMUNICATIONS INC 
DULUTH 
20-23 
WOS:000440773200003 
The sixth installment in our examination of the infrared spectroscopy of the carbonyl group is focused on esters. Like acid anhydrides and carboxylates, esters are made via a reaction involving carboxylic acids. Esters are very common and are economically and biologically important. All esters exhibit three intense peaks and hence follow what I like to call the Rule of Three. The spectra of saturated and aromatic esters will be examined over the next two columns.