US EPA

7010257 

Journal Article 

Investigation on the thermal behavior of Ni-rich NMC lithium ion battery for energy storage 

Lyu, P; Huo, Y; Qu, Z; Rao, Z; , 

2020 

Yes 

Applied Thermal Engineering
ISSN: 1359-4311 

PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD 

OXFORD 

166 

10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2019.114749 

WOS:000512220900014 

Heat generation is the primary factor for the safety and performance of lithium-ion battery. While the Ni-rich NMC lithium-ion battery has a much worse safety performance compared to other batteries. Hence, it is important to investigate the thermal behavior of the battery. In this paper, a pseudo two dimension (P2D) electrochemical model coupled with 3D lumped thermal model (ECT) was developed to investigate the thermal behavior of large format Ni-rich nickel-cobalt-manganese oxide (NCM) pouch type lithium-ion battery. The charge/discharge performance, heat generation (including total heat generation and polarized/ohmic/reversible heat generation) and temperature rise at different temperatures and different C-rates were numerically investigated to analyze the overall battery performance at the adiabatic condition. The results show that battery can only normally charge/discharge at quite low C-rate at extremely low temperature (- 20 degrees C) with a much high total heat generation (40.02 kJ/36.12 kJ). The total heat generation and temperature rise increase with the decreasing temperature. The highest heat generation and temperature rise occur at the ambient temperature of - 5 degrees C (at the charge rate of 3C) and 0 degrees C (at the discharge rate of 3C). At low temperatures (< 0 degrees C), the ohmic heat generation mainly contributes to total heat generation, and as the ambient temperature is higher than 5 degrees C, the polarized heat generation becomes the main heat generation aspect. While the reversible heat generation is relatively small and almost no change at different C-rates. 

Battery thermal management; Thermal behavior; Electrochemical-thermal model; Low temperature; Lithium-ion battery