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7081203 
Journal Article 
Movements of the Tongue during Lip Trills in Horn Players Real-Time MRI Insights 
Iltis, PW; Frahm, J; Voit, D; Joseph, A; Altenmueller, E; Miller, A; , 
2017 
1 
Medical Problems of Performing Artists
ISSN: 0885-1158 
SCIENCE & MEDICINE INC 
NARBERTH 
209-214 
29231954 
WOS:000423074800004 
OBJECTIVE: Movements inside the oral cavity during lip trilling in horn-playing are poorly understood and controversial, particularly with respect to pedagogy. Developments in real-time magnetic resonance imaging (PT-MRI) allow representations of oral cavity movement durina lip trill performance on a MRI-compatible horn to be recorded and quantified. METHODS: We present RT-MRI data on 11 highly skilled horn players obtained from serial images acquired at acquisition times of 33.3, 18.2, and 10.0 ms (i.e., at 30, 55 and 100 frames/sec) as they performed sixteenth note, whole-step trills between E)4 and F4 (concert pitch) at two tempos.-60 bpm and as fast as possible. RESULTS: For fast trilling (mean speed 178.3 24.7 bpm), 7 of 11 subjects exclusively utilized a tongue movement strategy, 3 used both a tongue and jaw strategy, and 1 exclusively used a jaw strategy. For trilling at -60 bpm, all 11 subjects used a tongue movement strategy. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest using these movement strategies in teaching whole-step trills.