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7102136 
Journal Article 
Nanocellulose and chitosan based films as low cost, green piezoelectric materials 
Hänninen, A; Sarlin, E; Lyyra, I; Salpavaara, T; Kellomäki, M; Tuukkanen, S; , 
2018 
Yes 
Carbohydrate Polymers
ISSN: 0144-8617
EISSN: 1879-1344 
English 
30287018 
Nanocellulose and chitosan have recently started to get attention as environmentally friendly piezoelectric materials for sensor and energy harvesting applications. Conversely, current commercially available flexible piezoelectric films made of for example polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) are relatively expensive and made from non-renewable materials. We measured the piezoelectric responses (2-8 pC/N) for solvent casted films based on nanocellulose, microcrystalline chitosan and their blends. In addition, the tensile properties of the piezoelectric films were characterized to find out if chitosan could be used to enhance the flexibility of the brittle nanocellulose films. Based on the results, plain chitosan is an interesting piezoelectric material itself. In addition, blending nanocellulose and chitosan could be a potential method for tailoring the properties of solvent casted low cost, green piezoelectric films.