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7210226 
Journal Article 
Sizing of Lithium-Ion Battery/Supercapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System for Forklift Vehicle(dagger) 
Paul, T; Mesbahi, T; Durand, S; Flieller, D; Uhring, W; , 
2020 
Yes 
Energies
ISSN: 1996-1073 
MDPI 
BASEL 
13 
17 
WOS:000569975000001 
Nowadays, electric vehicles are one of the main topics in the new industrial revolution, called Industry 4.0. The transport and logistic solutions based on E-mobility, such as handling machines, are increasing in factories. Thus, electric forklifts are mostly used because no greenhouse gas is emitted when operating. However, they are usually equipped with lead-acid batteries which present bad performances and long charging time. Therefore, combining high-energy density lithium-ion batteries and high-power density supercapacitors as a hybrid energy storage system results in almost optimal performances and improves battery lifespan. The suggested solution is well suited for forklifts which continuously start, stop, lift up and lower down heavy loads. This paper presents the sizing of a lithium-ion battery/supercapacitor hybrid energy storage system for a forklift vehicle, using the normalizedVerein Deutscher Ingenieure(VDI) drive cycle. To evaluate the performance of the lithium-ion battery/supercapacitor hybrid energy storage system, different sizing simulations are carried out. The suggested solution allows us to successfully optimize the system in terms of efficiency, volume and mass, in regard to the battery, supercapacitors technology and the energy management strategy chosen. 
lithium-ion battery; supercapacitor; weight; volume; cost; hybrid electric vehicle; VDI drive cycle; forklift