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7210932 
Journal Article 
Design Approach for Electric Bikes Using Battery and Super Capacitor For Performance Improvement 
Hatwar, N; Bisen, A; Dodke, H; Junghare, A; Khanapurkar, M; , 
2013 
IEEE 
NEW YORK 
IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems-ITSC 
1959-1964 
WOS:000346481000314 
The market for electric bikes, scooters and bicycles is growing. There are numerous brands of E-bikes emerging locally. All most all incorporate a rear wheel BLDC (Brushless DC) hub motor; lead acid battery pack, a light weight chassis, and a controller. The Vehicle achieves average speed of 30-50km/hr, range of 70km/charge. The other drawback is the long charging time of 6-8 hrs and short lifespan of battery pack i.e. around 2 years. Considering these limitations authors are modifying the existing design of an electric bike which will give a better performance with the use of a hybrid system of battery and super capacitor. The authors in this paper have tried to address the drawbacks observed in e-bike operations and have presented the results of their experimentations. Super-capacitor modules are used to provide the high current required during starting and acceleration, and eventfully will help increasing lifespan of battery. A secondary source, like regenerative braking or a small solar panel module could be availed onboard so as to charge battery/super capacitor. 
E-bike; Super-capacitor; BLDC; Throttle; Buck-Boost Converter; PWM; Aerodynamic drag; hall sensor feedback 
16th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC) 
The Hague, NETHERLANDS