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7248444 
Journal Article 
Stable Triple-Cation (Cs+-MA+-FA+) Perovskite Powder Formation under Ambient Conditions for Hysteresis-Free High-Efficiency Solar Cells 
Singh, R; Sandhu, S; Yadav, H; Lee, JJ; , 
2019 
1 
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
ISSN: 1944-8244
EISSN: 1944-8252 
English 
31347831 
Organometallic halide perovskite materials have promising photovoltaic properties and emerged as a cost-effective solar cell technology. However, a synthesis protocol to fabricate high-quality perovskite thin films under ambient conditions remains a critical issue and hinders commercialization of the technology. Therefore, this paper proposes efficient and stable fabrication of triple-cation perovskite photoactive solid-state thin film for solar cells using preformed perovskite powder under ambient conditions. Highly crystalline triple-cation perovskite powder was synthesized by a solution-processed antisolvent recrystallization technique, and films were prepared following a previously reported recipe for an efficient triple-cation perovskite. The synthesized perovskite powder was characterized using UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, time-resolved photoluminescence, and field emission scanning electron microscopy. Fabricated solar cells were investigated for photovoltaic characteristics, including current density-voltage hysteresis, recombination losses, and thermal stability. The improved photovoltaic characteristics and thermal stability were attributed to the superior perovskite film quality and crystalline properties.