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7418838 
Journal Article 
Review 
History of doping and doping control 
Müller, RK; , 
2010 
0 
Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology
ISSN: 0171-2004 
195 
1-23 
English 
20020358 
Although attempts to enhance athletic performance are probably much older, the word “doping” was first mentioned in 1889 in an English dictionary. It described originally a mixed remedy containing opium, which was used to “dope” horses. “Dope” was a spirit prepared from the residues of grapes, which Zulu warriors used as a “stimulant” at fights and religious procedures and which also reportedly was called “doop” in Afrikaans or Dutch. Later, the meaning of “dope” was extended in a broader sense to other beverages with stimulating properties. The expression was introduced into English Turf Sport about 1900 for illegal drugging of racehorses.