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7432920 
Journal Article 
Introduction to Benign and Malignant Disorders of the Nipple-Areolar Complex 
Shiffman, MA; , 
2018 
Springer International Publishing 
Cham 
Nipple-Areolar Complex Reconstruction 
115-133 
Benign and malignant disorders can affect the nipple-areolar complex. These can include skin changes in and around the nipple and areola, infection, benign tumors, and malignant tumors. The author covers the subjects of abscess, adenoma, basal cell carcinoma, eczema, epithelioma, fibroma, fibrous histiocytoma, hyperkeratosis, cysts, ichthyosis circumscripta, leiomyoma, leiomyosarcoma, melanoma, melanosis, molluscum contagiosum, nevus, nodular mucinosis, neuroma and neurofibromatosis, nevus, nodular mucinosis, Paget’s disease, papilloma, sarcoma, seborrheic keratosis, and squamous cell carcinoma.