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7435412 
Journal Article 
Review 
Current Landscape of Immunotherapy in Genitourinary Malignancies 
Alhalabi, O; Rafei, H; Bilen, MA; Shah, AY 
2020 
Yes 
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
ISSN: 0065-2598 
SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG 
CHAM 
IMMUNOTHERAPY, 3RD EDITION 
1244 
107-147 
English 
32301013 
WOS:000530839100006 
The past decade has witnessed a revolution of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of multiple tumor types, including genitourinary cancers. Immune checkpoint inhibitors improved the treatment outcomes of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma and metastatic urothelial carcinoma. In prostate cancer, the role of immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors is not yet established, but clinical trials investigating their use are ongoing. Other immunotherapeutic approaches that have been explored in these malignancies include cytokines, vaccines, and cellular therapy. Ongoing studies are exploring the use of immunotherapy combinations as well as combination with chemotherapy and targeted therapy in these types of tumors. The use of immunotherapy beyond the metastatic setting is an active area of research. Moreover, there is a great interest in biomarker development to predict response to immunotherapy and risk of toxicity. This chapter is a comprehensive review of the immunotherapeutic approaches, both approved and investigational, for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma, urothelial carcinoma, and prostate cancer. 
Naing, A; Hajjar, J; 
978-3-030-41007-0