US EPA

7448365 

Journal Article 

Sequential stir bar sorptive extraction for uniform enrichment of trace amounts of organic pollutants in water samples 

Ochiai, N; Sasamoto, K; Kanda, H; Pfannkoch, E 

2008 

Yes 

Journal of Chromatography A
ISSN: 0021-9673
EISSN: 1873-3778 

1200 

1 

72-79 

English 

18541254 

10.1016/j.chroma.2008.05.069 

WOS:000257598200011 

A novel extraction procedure for stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) termed sequential SBSE was developed. Compared to conventional SBSE, sequential SBSE provides more uniform enrichment over the entire polarity/volatility range for organic pollutants at ultra-trace levels in water. Sequential SBSE consists of a SBSE performed sequentially on a 5-mL sample first without modifier using one stir bar, then on the same sample after addition of 30% NaCl using a second stir bar. The first extraction with unmodified sample is mainly targeting solutes with high Kow (logKow>4.0), the second extraction with modified sample solution (containing 30% NaCl) is targeting solutes with low and medium Kow (logKow<4.0). After extraction the two stir bars are placed in a single glass desorption liner and are simultaneously desorbed. The desorbed compounds were analyzed by thermal desorption and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS). Recovery of model compounds consisting of 80 pesticides (organochlorine, carbamate, organophosphorus, pyrethroid, and others) for sequential SBSE was evaluated as a function of logKow (1.70-8.35). The recovery using sequential SBSE was compared with those of conventional SBSE with or without salt addition (30% NaCl). The sequential approach provided very good recovery in the range of 82-113% for most of the solutes, and recovery less than 80% for only five solutes with low Kow (logKow<2.5), while conventional approaches (with or without salt addition) showed less than 80% recovery for 23 and 41 solutes, respectively. The method showed good linearity (r2>0.9900) and high sensitivity (limit of detection: <10ngL(-1)) for most of the model compounds even with the scan mode in the MS. The method was successfully applied to screening of pesticides at ngL(-1) level in river water samples. 

GC-MS; Organic pollutants; Sequential stir bar sorptive extraction (sequential SBSE); Thermal desorption; Uniform enrichment; Water sample; Extraction; Solvent extraction; Water pollution; Novel extraction; Stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE); Trace amounts; Ultra trace levels; water samples; Organic pollutants; carbamic acid; organochlorine pesticide; organophosphorus compound; pesticide; pyrethroid; river water; sodium chloride; article; extraction; gas chromatography; pollutant; priority journal; sequential stir bar sorptive extraction; water analysis; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Organic Chemicals; Pesticides; Rivers; Water Pollutants