US EPA

7455516 

Journal Article 

Review 

Molecular mechanism of heavy metals (Lead, Chromium, Arsenic, Mercury, Nickel and Cadmium) - induced hepatotoxicity - A review 

Renu, K; Chakraborty, R; Myakala, H; Koti, R; Famurewa, AC; Madhyastha, H; Vellingiri, B; George, A; Gopalakrishnan, AV 

2021 

Yes 

Chemosphere
ISSN: 0045-6535
EISSN: 1879-1298 

271 

129735 

English 

33736223 

10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129735 

WOS:000633464400094 

Heavy metals pose a serious threat if they go beyond permissible limits in our bodies. Much heavy metal's viz. Lead, Chromium, Arsenic, Mercury, Nickel, and Cadmium pose a serious threat when they go beyond permissible limits and cause hepatotoxicity. They cause the generation of ROS which in turn causes numerous injuries and undesirable changes in the liver. Epidemiological studies have shown an increase in the levels of such heavy metals in the environment posing a serious threat to human health. Epigenetic alterations have been seen in the event of exposure to such heavy metals. Apoptosis, caspase activation as well as ultrastructural changes in the hepatocytes have also been seen due to heavy metals. Inflammation involving TNF-alpha, pro-inflammatory cytokines, MAPK, ERK pathways have been seen in the event of heavy metal hepatotoxicity. All these have shown that these heavy metals pose a serious threat to human health in particular and the environment as a whole. 

Heavy metals; Hepatotoxicity; Cadmium; Mercury; Arsenic; Nickel; Chromium; Lead