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7459301 
Book/Book Chapter 
Chapter 23 - Effects of interactions between antioxidant defense therapy and ROS 
Madkour, LH 
2020 
Academic Press 
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), Nanoparticles, and Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress-Induced Cell Death Mechanisms 
645-691 
Development of dietary antioxidants to scavenge hydroxyl radicals formed from nanomaterials may serve as one of the strategies for the prevention of nanomaterial-induced toxicity. There are various types of antioxidants (endogenous, exogenous, and proteins) and using these to cope with reactive oxygen species (ROS)- and free radical-associated stress have been discussed. Despite the fact that ROS are produced intracellularly by numerous sources, including mitochondria, the NADPH oxidases specifically have been associated with receptor-mediated signaling. Different groups of antioxidants along with their mechanisms has also been discussed. Because an antioxidant defense system prevents oxidative damage to cells and ensures the host against the harmful impacts of ROS, numerous antioxidative safeguard mechanisms have been developed, whereas oxidant/antioxidant balance of an individual is mainly affected by diet regime, physical activity, and level of stress. An extensive variety of ligand-receptor associations has been shown to create intracellular ROS. ROS can enact an assortment of members of signaling pathways, for example, transcription factors, protein phosphatases, and protein kinases. 
Antioxidant system; Hydroxyl radicals; Oxidative stress; Reactive oxygen species (ROS); Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) 
Madkour, Loutfy H.