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7741295 
Journal Article 
Latex Antibody Test (LAT) for detection of marine toxins in ciguateric fish 
Hokama, Y; Nishimura, KL; Takenaka, WE; Ebesu, JSM 
1997 
Yes 
Journal of Natural Toxins
ISSN: 1058-8108 
6 
1 
35-50 
English 
WOS:A1997WG61500004 
The presence of a new marine toxin (sodium channel inhibitor, SCI) and palytoxin (PTX) in several ciguateric fish have been demonstrated in this study. SCI was initially found in a variety of fish samples and in an alga using the guinea pig atrium assay. Here, SCI in extracts from ciguatera implicated fish is shown in reaction with its homologous mouse polyvalent antibody in the Latex Antibody Test (LAT). The moray eel, a carnivore, is shown as a good example of a fish containing SCI (in the hexane fraction of fish extract) by the neuroblastoma cell assay. The LAT procedure was also utilized for the detection of pure PTX using a commercially obtained monoclonal anti-PTX antibody. This antibody also reacted with implicated ciguateric fish extracts, reef fish extracts and cross-reacted with pure maitotoxin (MTX). The presence of PTX-like compounds was also demonstrated with the erythrocyte hemolysis assay using guinea pig red blood cells. Thus, these preliminary results suggest the presence of SCI and PTX (probably at low levels) in fish associated with ciguatera poisoning in Hawaii.