Jump to main content
US EPA
United States Environmental Protection Agency
Search
Search
Main menu
Environmental Topics
Laws & Regulations
About EPA
Health & Environmental Research Online (HERO)
Contact Us
Print
Feedback
Export to File
Search:
This record has one attached file:
Add More Files
Attach File(s):
Display Name for File*:
Save
Citation
Tags
HERO ID
7755238
Reference Type
Journal Article
Title
Lipid class compositions, tocopherols and sterols of tree nut oils extracted with different solvents
Author(s)
Miraliakbari, H; Shahidi, F
Year
2008
Is Peer Reviewed?
Yes
Journal
Journal of Food Lipids
ISSN:
1065-7258
Publisher
BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
Location
OXFORD
Volume
15
Issue
1
Page Numbers
81-96
Language
English
DOI
10.1111/j.1745-4522.2007.00104.x
Web of Science Id
WOS:000252965400007
Abstract
The chemical compositions of tree nut oils were examined. The oils of almonds, Brazil nuts, hazelnuts, pecans, pine nuts, pistachios and walnuts were extracted using hexane and chloroform/methanol. The chloroform/methanol system afforded a higher oil yield for each tree nut type examined (pine nuts had the highest oil content while almonds had the lowest). The lipid class compositions of the tree nut oils were analyzed using the thin-layer chromatography-flame ionization detector and showed that triacylglycerols were the predominant lipid class present. Smaller amounts of sterols, sterol esters, phospholipids and sphingolipids were also present. The fatty acid compositions of the tree nut oils were analyzed using gas chromatography, showing that oleic acid was the predominant fatty acid in all samples except pine nut and walnut oils, which contained high amounts of linoleic acid. The sterol and stanol content and compositions were analyzed using gas chromatography; β-sitosterol was the predominant sterol present in all samples, with lower amounts of campesterol, stigmasterol, δ5-avenasterol, 22-nordehydrocholesterol, 24-methylenecholesterol, cholesterol, cholestanol and β-sitostanol also present. The tocopherol compositions were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography, showing that α- and γ-tocopherols were the predominant tocopherol homologs present; however, δ- and β-tocopherols were also detected in some samples. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Tree nut oils contain health-promoting unsaturated fatty acids and minor components that may render beneficial effects. The lipid class compositions of the oils are reported as these affect the stability of the tested oils. Results may have significance in terms of practical applications for food and use in nutraceutical and/or cosmoceuticals products. © 2008, Blackwell Publishing.
Home
Learn about HERO
Using HERO
Search HERO
Projects in HERO
Risk Assessment
Transparency & Integrity