US EPA

8372955 

Journal Article 

Ocular surface squamous neoplasia 

Pe'Er, J 

2005 

0 

Ophthalmology Clinics of North America
ISSN: 0896-1549 

18 

1 

1-13 

English 

10.1016/j.ohc.2004.08.001 

Ocular surface squamous neoplasia is a spectrum of malignancy that includes intraepithelial dysplasia, carcinoma in situ of the conjunctiva and cornea, and invasive SCC. It is uncommon in northern countries and more commonly occurs in Africa and regions where exposure to sunlight is more frequent. Usually, OSSN arises within the intrapalpebral tissue, mostly at the limbus. Exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation is the major etiologic factor; however, HPV and HIV are also thought to have an important role in the development of OSSN. Exfoliative cytology and impression cytology may be helpful in preoperative evaluation of the lesions, but only histologic evaluation can distinguish between the three lesions in the spectrum of OSSN. Although CIN is regarded as a precancerous lesion that rarely progresses to invasive SCC, recurrences after excision of such lesions are common. Invasive SCC can invade the eyeball and orbital tissue, metastasize to regional lymph nodes and distant sites, and, occasionally, lead to death. Surgical excision of OSSN with or without cryotherapy or brachytherapy is still commonly performed; however, in the last decade, topical chemotherapy using mitomycin C, 5-FU, and interferon alfa-2b has become popular in the treatment of CIN. © 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.