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8706048 
Journal Article 
Cell cultures as a tool for detection of cytotoxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic activity of airborne particulate matter 
Seemayer, NH; Manojlovic, N; Schurer, CC; Tomingas, R 
1984 
Yes 
Journal of Aerosol Science
ISSN: 0021-8502
EISSN: 1879-1964 
15 
3 
426-430 
English 
Samples of city smog No. 17 were collected in the heavily industrialized Rhine-Ruhr area (West Germany) with a special low volume air sampler BAT-II, equipped with glass fiber filters. The biological effects on tissue culture cells of total extract (GEX) and fractions obtained with methanol (MET), cyclohexane (CYC), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and propanol (PRO) were examined dose-dependently in a wide range of concentrations. Cytotoxicity evaluation was based on the loss of 'cell viability' of mouse macrophages and 'reduction of plating efficiency' of Syrian hamster kidney. Mutagenicity was estimated by induction of 'sister chromatid exchanges' in human lymphocytes in vitro while carcinogenicity was determined by 'enhancement' of malignant cell transformation of Syrian hamster kidney cultures, infected with Simian virus (SV-)40. Study results are reported. Refs.