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HERO ID
8728541
Reference Type
Journal Article
Title
Plant-Soil-Microbiota Combination for the Removal of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH): An In-Field Experiment
Author(s)
Zuzolo, D; Guarino, C; Tartaglia, M; Sciarrillo, R
Year
2020
Is Peer Reviewed?
Yes
Journal
Frontiers in Microbiology
ISSN:
1664-302X
Volume
11
Page Numbers
621581
Language
English
PMID
33584589
DOI
10.3389/fmicb.2020.621581
Web of Science Id
WOS:000615984500001
URL
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85100735311&doi=10.3389%2ffmicb.2020.621581&partnerID=40&md5=bf5284fe7dc0ed2437ec3b3bd822fd3e
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Abstract
The contamination of soil with total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) may result in dramatic consequences and needs great attention, as soil rehabilitation would need more effort from a sustainability perspective. However, there is still no known general method since the remediation technology is strictly site-specific. Adaptive biological system dynamics can play a key role in understanding and addressing the potential of situ-specific biological combinations for soil pollutants removal. The potential worst-case of TPH contamination reflects soil affected by heavy industrial activities, such as oil refineries. Therefore, the experimental trial was conducted on a 2,000 m2 area from a contaminated site located in northern Italy. We evaluated the remediation potential over time (270 days) assessing (i) the phytoremediation efficiency of two species of Poaceae (Festuca arundinacea Schreb. and Dactylis glomerata L.) and two species of Fabaceae (Medicago sativa L. and Lotus corniculatus L.) and (ii) the role of the indigenous bacteria flora and endo-mycorrhizae consortium addition in plant growth promotion. We also induced resistance to contamination stress in a field experiment. Thirty-three indigenous bacteria selected from the contaminated soils showed marked plant growth promotion. Moreover, functional metagenomics confirmed the metabolic capability of hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms living in the polluted soil. Our data showed that soil enzymatic activities increased with hydrocarbon degradation rate after 60 days. Both Poaceae and Fabaceae resulted in remarkable remediation potential. Stress markers and antioxidant activity indicated that the selected plant species generally need some time to adapt to TPH stress. In conclusion, our evaluation implied both the rhizosphere effects and functional features of the plant and suggested that plants should (i) have marked tolerance to specific contaminants, (ii) be characterized by an extensive root system, and (iii) be susceptible to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) infection.
Keywords
Fabaceae; mycorrhizae; Poaceae; sustainable remediation; total petroleum hydrocarbons
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