US EPA

8740648 

Journal Article 

Diagnostics of local pollution of urbanozem in the areas of petrol stations 

Olkova, AS; Zimonina, NM; Lyalina, EI; Bobretsova, VR 

2017 

1 

56-62 

Russian 

The data are presented on the levels of local pollution near gas stations with oil products (OP) and heavy metals (HM). The content of OP ranged from 520,130 to 4820,100 mg/kg, which is significantly higher than the level of OP accumulation in the soils of city highway area. HM accumulation was about the same to pollution with HM near highways. Only the amount of zinc was over the accepted level: gross form of zinc - 1.7 MPC (maximum permissible concentration), mobile form of zink - 1.4 MPC. Acute toxicity in the bioassays with Paramecium caudatum, Ceriodaphnia affinis, and test-system «Ekolyum» have not been identified. Chronic toxicity was found in urban soils as for mortality (85%) and fertility reducing of Ceriodaphnia affinis. Fertility of Daphne in water extracts in the most samples of urban soil was two times inhibited as compared with control. Some crustaceans were not able to have posterity. Algological analysis has shown a low number of green algae and diatoms (1.1-5.5 and 1.2-19.8 thousand cells/g of the sample, respectively), cyanobacteria dominated (748,10 thousand cells/g of the sample). Cyanobacteria also prevailed in biomass. A change in dominants of soil phototrophs was found out: while in natural biogeocenoces of the latitude under study green algae prevail, here sustainable species of cyanobacteria. Cyanobacteria and algae belonging to C-, P-and M-life forms, which are resistant to extreme conditions of habitat, prevailed. As a result, chronic toxicity assessment of mortality and fertility of Ceriodaphnia affinis and quantitative algological analysis are suggested as informative bio-diagnostic characteristics of urban soils of gas stations. 

Algoindication.; Biological testing; Ceriodaphnia affinis; Heavy metals; Petroleum products; Urban soils