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8744778 
Journal Article 
Enhanced bioaugmentation of petroleum- and salt-contaminated soil using wheat straw 
Zhang, K; Hua, XF; Han, HL; Wang, J; Miao, CC; Xu, YY; Huang, ZD; Zhang, H; Yang, JM; Jin, WB; Liu, YM; Liu, Z 
2008 
Yes 
Chemosphere
ISSN: 0045-6535
EISSN: 1879-1298 
73 
1387-1392 
English 
A new bioaugmentation method for petroleum- and salt-contaminated soil was presented, in which wheat straw was used to enhance salt leaching and subsequent petroleum degradation by a bacteria-fungi consortium of Enterobacter cloacae and Cunninghamella echinulata. The effectiveness of a coarse wheat straw layer in inhibiting capillary-induced upward salt movement and in enhancing growth of E. cloacae and C. echinulata was shown in the laboratory and a 7000-m2 field study in Henan Province, China. In the field study, the Na+ concentration in remediated soil at 1-25 cm depth decreased from 1597 ± 394 to 543 ± 217 mg kg-1, while Cl- decreased from 1520 ± 922 to 421 ± 253 mg kg-1. The wheat straw increased bacterial biomass by 170-fold and fungi 11-fold compared to control soil without wheat straw. The concentration of total petroleum hydrocarbons decreased from 6320 ± 1180 to 2260 ± 420 mg kg-1 after 45 d of treatment. Wheat was cultivated on remediated soil and grain yield reached 72% of that obtained in normal farmland adjacent to the study site. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of wheat straw in enhancing bioaugmentation of the petroleum- and salt-contaminated soil and indicated a high application potential. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 
Bacterium-fungi consortium; Bioremediation; Petroleum; Salt leaching; Wheat straw