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8751357 
Book/Book Chapter 
Petroleum Spill Control with Biological Means 
Nikolopoulou, M; Kalogerakis, N 
2011 
Elsevier Inc. 
Comprehensive Biotechnology, Second Edition 
6 
263-274 
English 
Bioremediation is emerging as the best strategy for combating oil spills following first response actions. Stimulation of indigenous degraders with suitable nutrients and augmentation with oil-degrading bacteria can significantly enhance bioremediation rates of polluted marine environments with petroleum hydrocarbons. In this article, we focus on the conditions under which bioremediation leads to increased effectiveness, and novel combined bioaugmentation/biostimulation strategies are suggested for the successful remediation of polluted marine environments. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 
Bioaugmentation; Bioremediation; Biostimulation; Chronic pollution; Fertilizers; Oil spills; Oleophilic; Slow release