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8753663 
Journal Article 
Vibroseis seismic exploration with customized wavelet 
Wang, H 
2020 
59 
5 
683-694 
Chinese 
Vibroseis has been widely used in oil and gas seismic exploration during the past 70 years, as a kind of environment-friendly, efficient, and flexible seismic source.The concept of environment-friendly conservation, application of the broadband, wide-azimuth, and high-density seismic data acquisition technology, and development of the full waveform inversion technology bring new opportunities and challenges to the vibroseis-based seismic exploration.The distinctive characteristic of the high-density seismic exploration is the increase in shot density.The efficient acquisition technology derived from the simultaneous excitation of several vibroseis sources can offset the reduction of acquisition efficiency and the increased cost incurred with the excitation of massive shots.The core of the wide-band land seismic exploration is the excitation of a seismic source and recording of wide-band reflection wavelets by geophones.Theoretically, the vibrator can provide a customized wide-band reflection wavelet.It has been proved that the vibrator can provide seismic data with a frequency of 2~3 Hz.The vibroseis technology plays a key role in high-precision seismic exploration on land.Herein, the current issues in vibroseis seismic exploration are analyzed and discussed, including the characteristics of the noise field produced by the vibroseis, deblending techniques, and efficiency of various seismic acquisition schemes, particularly within the framework of the theory of compressed sensing.Corresponding countermeasures to address the above-mentioned issues were suggested, and a seismic exploration concept entailing customized reflection wavelets was proposed.To further develop the vibroseis seismic exploration technology, the following tasks were identified:①establishing a relationship between the duration and energy of a single frequency of the sweep signal in the design of vibroseis wavelets; ②formulating an adaptive sweep signal during field data acquisition according to the underground medium; ③maximizing the differences between the sources encoded in each combination; ④utilizing the difference between the received reflection wavelet and the target wavelet as a feedback to modify the scan signal, within the framework of the theory of optimal control, with the target being the predetermined broadband wavelet.Furthermore, an acquisition controlling software system should be developed to improve the efficiency of the acquisition process.The application of the vibroseis seismic exploration technology feasible at large depths in the petroleum industry and related fields is anticipated. Copyright ©2020 Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum. All rights reserved. 
"broadband, wide-azimuth and high density"; Broadband wavelet; Deblending; Efficient acquisition; Full waveform inversion; Interference wavefield; Low frequency; Scanning signal; Seismic vibrator