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9424706 
Journal Article 
Phthalate Esters in Dust from Households with Schoolchildren in Changsha, China: Distribution and Exposure Assessment 
Hu, J; Li, N; Hao, X; Qu, H 
2020 
Springer 
37-45 
English 
Currently, the insufficiency of dependable data and regional differences hinders reliable evaluation of phthalate esters (PAEs). In this study, a total of 10 households with schoolchildren were selected for field measurement and 40 dust samples were collected and measured during autumn and winter in Changsha, China. The results showed that the most frequently detected compounds of PAEs were di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) with detection frequency of 100% and dibutyl phthalate (DBP). The concentrations of DEHP and DBP displayed difference between autumn and winter. However, the difference was not statistically significant. The children’s daily inhalation of PAEs from household dust by mouth was 400 times that by skin exposure. The cancerogenic risk caused by DEHP exposure for children was 0.5 × 10−6–29.8 × 10−6 with an average of 7.62 × 10−6. It was 7.6 times that stipulated by USEPA. This study provided reliable data of PAEs in house dust in different areas of China. © 2020, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 
Exposure assessment; Household dust; Phthalate esters; Air conditioning; Dust; Heating; Detection frequency; Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate; Dibutyl phthalates; Exposure assessment; Field measurement; Household dusts; Phthalate ester; Regional differences; Esters 
Zhu Y.