US EPA

957989 

Journal Article 

Synthesis of dialkyl hexamethylenedicarbamate from 1,6-hexamethylenediamine and alkyl carbamate over Y(NO3)3·6H2O catalyst 

Zhang, H; Guo, X; Zhang, Q; Ma, Y; Zhou, H; Li, J; Wang, L; Deng, Y 

2008 

Yes 

Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical
ISSN: 1381-1169 

296 

1-2 

36-41 

English 

10.1016/j.molcata.2008.08.020 

WOS:000261538500005 

http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1381116908003518
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The non-phosgene carbonylation of 1,6-hexamethylenediamine (HDA) with alkyl carbamates using Y(NO(3))(3)center dot 6H(2)O as a catalyst and the influence of reaction variables on the yields of dialkyl hexamethylenedicarbamate (HDC) were studied. At 453 K and in the presence of 5wt.% Y(NO(3))(3)center dot 6H(2)O, nearly 100% HDA conversion and 85% dibutyl hexamethylenedicarbamate (BHDC) isolated yield could be achieved when butyl carbamate (BC) was employed as a carbonyl source. During reaction, an induction period was observed, but it almost disappeared by pretreating the catalyst with n-butanol. The FT-IR, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterizations of the catalyst showed that some transformation occurred when the catalyst was pretreated with n-butanol or employed during reaction, i.e., part decomposition of Y(NO(3))(3) to Y(2)O(3), conversion from crystal to amorphous state, changes occurring in chemical state of the active species, as well as some subtle interactions between the catalyst and n-butanol. All these observed changes might be the reason resulting in activation of the catalyst. (C) 2008 Published by Elsevier B.V. 

Green chemistry; Alkyl carbamate; Dialkyl hexamethylenedicarbamate; 1,6-Hexamethylenediamine; Non-phosgene