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HERO ID
1005809
Reference Type
Journal Article
Title
Studies in human lactation: Milk volumes in lactating women during the onset of lactation and full lactation
Author(s)
Neville, MC; Keller, R; Seacat, J; Lutes, V; Neifert, M; Casey, C; Allen, J; Archer, P
Year
1988
Is Peer Reviewed?
Yes
Journal
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
ISSN:
0002-9165
EISSN:
1938-3207
Volume
48
Issue
6
Page Numbers
1375-1386
Language
English
PMID
3202087
DOI
10.1093/ajcn/48.6.1375
Web of Science Id
WOS:A1988R380700004
Abstract
After validation of test-weighing procedures milk volumes produced by 13 multiparous US Caucasian women were followed longitudinally through the 1st year of lactation. All practiced exclusive breastfeeding for at least 5 months. Milk transfer to the infant was low on days 1 and 2 and increased rapidly to 498 +or- 129 g/d (approximately equal to x +or- standard deviation) on day 5 and then more slowly to 753 +or- 89 g/d during months 3–5. There was a characteristic milk volume for each mother-infant pair that was significantly related neither to milk yield on days 4–6 nor to birthweight. It was, however, strongly related to infant weight at 1 month, suggesting that infant and/or maternal factors coming into play during the 1st month of life are strong determinants of subsequent milk transfer to the infant. The subjects in the study were all nonsmokers who planned to continue breastfeeding for at least 1 year. None used hormonal contraception during the study. Mean age at the birth of the study infant was 31.9 +or- 4.4 standard deviation (range 25–39 years). Median family income was US$35,000/year. All mothers were high school graduates and all but 2 had college degrees. The data in this study differ in no significant respect from milk-volume data obtained in larger, cross-sectional studies from a variety of populations throughout the world. Future studies focusing on the infant factors that influence the demand for breast milk in the 1st month postpartum may be of considerable importance in understanding the growth of the breastfed infant.
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Exposure Factors Handbook (Post 2011)
Chapter 15
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