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Citation
Tags
HERO ID
10164687
Reference Type
Journal Article
Subtype
Review
Title
Hallmarks of cancer: New dimensions
Author(s)
Hanahan, D
Year
2022
Is Peer Reviewed?
0
Journal
Cancer Discovery
ISSN:
2159-8274
EISSN:
2159-8290
Volume
12
Issue
1
Page Numbers
31-46
Language
English
PMID
35022204
DOI
10.1158/2159-8290.CD-21-1059
Web of Science Id
MEDLINE:35022204
Abstract
The hallmarks of cancer conceptualization is a heuristic tool for distilling the vast complexity of cancer phenotypes and genotypes into a provisional set of underlying principles. As knowledge of cancer mechanisms has progressed, other facets of the disease have emerged as potential refinements. Herein, the prospect is raised that phenotypic plasticity and disrupted differentiation is a discrete hallmark capability, and that nonmutational epigenetic reprogramming and polymorphic microbiomes both constitute distinctive enabling characteristics that facilitate the acquisition of hallmark capabilities. Additionally, senescent cells, of varying origins, may be added to the roster of functionally important cell types in the tumor microenvironment. SIGNIFICANCE: Cancer is daunting in the breadth and scope of its diversity, spanning genetics, cell and tissue biology, pathology, and response to therapy. Ever more powerful experimental and computational tools and technologies are providing an avalanche of "big data" about the myriad manifestations of the diseases that cancer encompasses. The integrative concept embodied in the hallmarks of cancer is helping to distill this complexity into an increasingly logical science, and the provisional new dimensions presented in this perspective may add value to that endeavor, to more fully understand mechanisms of cancer development and malignant progression, and apply that knowledge to cancer medicine.
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IRIS
•
Chromium VI
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