US EPA

1184713 

Book/Book Chapter 

The shell gasification technology offers clean solutions for refineries and utility companies 

Vlaswinkel, EE; Posthuma, SA; Zuideveld, PL; INST CHEM ENGINEERS; INST CHEM ENGINEERS 

1997 

INSTITUTION OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 

143 

81-90 

WOS:000071683100010 

Gasification is a versatile process to convert a variety of hydrocarbon feed stocks like coal, lignite, oil distillates, residues, and natural gas into clean synthesis gas ("syngas").



Syngas, essentially a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, can be converted into products like ammonia, urea, methanol, ore-chemicals, town gas and hydrogen. However, a relatively new application is syngas utilisation for its combustion value.



Shell developed and successfully applies two dedicated gasification technologies, the Shell Gasification Process (SGP) for gaseous and liquid feed stocks and the Shell Coal Gasification Process (SCGP) for coal, lignite and petroleum coke.



One of the most recent applications of SGP is the PER+ Shell Refinery project in the Netherlands which is nearly completed. By applying SGP, the refinery is being upgraded to meet product volume and quality demands for lighter and environmentally cleaner transportation fuels, whilst reducing refinery emissions to the environment. Furthermore, part of the syngas is being used in a 120 MWe combined cycle, replacing a conventional utility unit.



A 250 MWe coal gasification combined cycle plant based on SCGP has recently been built by Demkolec, a development partnership of the Dutch Electricity Generating Board (N.V. Sep). The utilisation of low cost feed stock, feed flexibility and superior environmental performance were important drivers to apply SCGP.