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HERO ID
13125
Reference Type
Journal Article
Title
Effect of ozone on diesel exhaust particle toxicity in rat lung
Author(s)
Madden, MC; Richards, JH; Dailey, LA; Hatch, GE; Ghio, AJ
Year
2000
Is Peer Reviewed?
1
Journal
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
ISSN:
0041-008X
EISSN:
1096-0333
Volume
168
Issue
2
Page Numbers
140-148
Language
English
PMID
11032769
DOI
10.1006/taap.2000.9024
Web of Science Id
WOS:000165207200007
Abstract
Ambient particulate matter (PM) concentrations have been associated with mortality and morbidity. Diesel exhaust particles (DEP) are present in ambient urban air PM. Coexisting with DEP (and PM) is ozone (O(3)), which has the potential to react with some components of DEP. Some reports have shown increased lung injury in rats coexposed to PM and O(3), but it is unclear whether this increased injury was due to direct interaction between the pollutants or via other mechanisms. To examine whether O(3) can directly react with and affect PM bioactivity, we exposed DEP to O(3) in a cell-free in vitro system and then examined the bioactivity of the resultant DEP in a rat model of lung injury. Standard Reference Material 2975 (diesel exhaust PM) was initially exposed to 0.1 ppm O(3) for 48 h and then instilled intratracheally in Sprague-Dawley rats. Rat lung inflammation and injury was examined 24 h after instillation by lung lavage. The DEP exposed to 0.1 ppm O(3) was more potent in increasing neutrophilia, lavage total protein, and LDH activity compared to unexposed DEP. The increased DEP activity induced by the O(3) exposure was not attributable to alteration by air that was also present during the O(3) exposure. Exposure of DEP to a higher O(3) concentration (1.0 ppm) led to a decreased bioactivity of the particles. In contrast, carbon black particles, low in organic content relative to DEP, did not exhibit an increase in any of the bioactivities examined after exposure to 0.1 ppm O(3). DEP incorporated O(3) (labeled with (18)O) in a linear fashion. These data suggest that ambient concentrations of O(3) can increase the biological potency of DEP. The ozonized DEP may play a role in the induction of lung responses by ambient PM.
Keywords
diesel exhaust particles; ozone; inflammation; lung injury; particulate matter
Tags
NAAQS
•
ISA-NOx (2016)
Considered
Health Effects
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