US EPA

1449930 

Journal Article 

Effects of lanthanum chloride on glutamate level, intracellular calcium concentration and caspases expression in the rat hippocampus 

Yang, J; Liu, Q; Wu, S; Xi, Q; Cai, Y 

2013 

Yes 

BioMetals
ISSN: 0966-0844
EISSN: 1572-8773 

26 

1 

43-59 

English 

23097080 

10.1007/s10534-012-9593-z 

WOS:000314271200005 

Lanthanum chloride (LaCl(3)) can affect neurobehavioral development and impair cognitive abilities. The mechanism underlying LaCl(3)-induced neurotoxic effects is still unknown. The purpose of this research was to investigate the neuronal impairment induced by LaCl(3) and discuss the possible mechanism from the aspects of the alteration of glutamate level, intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)), Bax, Bcl-2 and caspases expression in the hippocampus. Lactational rats were exposed to 0, 0.25, 0.50 and 1.0 % LaCl(3) in drinking water, respectively. Their offspring were exposed to LaCl(3) by parental lactation and then administrated with 0, 0.25, 0.50 and 1.0 % LaCl(3) in drinking water for 1 month. The results showed that 0.25, 0.50 and 1.0 % LaCl(3) exposure induced neuronal impairment in the hippocampus of young rat. Hippocampal glutamate level, [Ca(2+)](i) and ratio of Bax and Bcl-2 expression increased significantly after LaCl(3) exposure. Besides, LaCl(3) exposure increased GRP78, GRP94, GADD153 and p-JNK expression, promoted the activation of caspase-3, caspase-9 and caspase-12, induced PARP cleavage and caused excessive apoptosis. These results indicate that LaCl(3) increases glutamate level, [Ca(2+)](i) and ratio of Bax and Bcl-2 expression, which cause excessive apoptosis by the mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced pathway, and thus neuronal damages in the hippocampus. 

Lanthanum; Glutamate; Intracellular calcium; Caspases; Hippocampus